750 residents polled across the three southern border provinces of Yala, Narathiwas, and Pattani
The Asia Foundation today released findings from the first-ever, in-person public perception survey in Thailand’s three southern border provinces of Yala, Narathiwas, and Pattani. Democracy and Conflict in Southern Thailand: A Survey of the Thai Electorate in Yala, Narathiwas, and Pattani is the first survey focused on Thailand’s Deep South conducted by The Asia Foundation’s office in Bangkok. The fieldwork was conducted through in-person interviews with a random, representative sample of 750 individuals of voting age in the three provinces between July 2 and August 30, 2010.
The survey can be accessed in its entirety at http://asiafoundation.org/southsurvey2010.
In capturing the opinions of citizens of the three southern border provinces, the 2010 Southern Survey provides government officials, academics, civil society organizations, the international community, and other stakeholders with essential information on citizen views and experiences in a region that has been plagued by unrest for six years.
Building on The Asia Foundation’s 2009 National Survey of 1,500 Thai citizens (excluding the three southern border provinces), the 2010 Southern Survey features chapters on the southern mood, democratic values and institutions, political interest and efficacy, influences on voting choices, causes of the southern conflict, separatism and decentralization, and the role of the unique Pattani-Malay culture in defining southern values, identity, and expectations.
The survey reveals that citizens of the Deep South are more optimistic about the direction of the country than their national compatriots polled in 2009. In the 2009 National Survey, less than one-third (31%) said that the country is moving in the right direction, while 58% said that it is moving in the wrong direction. In contrast, in the current survey, 46% of southerners say the country is moving in the right direction and 41% say the country is moving in the wrong direction.
The economy is a major factor in the way southern respondents assess the direction of the country, according to the current survey. The main reason for optimism about the direction of the country is the perception of economic growth, cited by 47% of southern respondents who say the country is moving in the right direction. Similarly, when asked about the biggest problem facing Thailand, 60% of respondents in the 2009 National Survey had pointed to the bad economy compared to only 23% of southerners in 2010, with another 20% pointing to the southern conflict
compared to just 3% nationally.
Unrest in the south is another key focus of the survey. Over a third (37%) of southerners believe that the main cause of the southern conflict is the failure of officials to understand the local population. Only 17% believe that separatism is the main issue. Two-thirds (65%) believe that ethnic and religious differences are of equal status in explaining the conflict. The majority of southerners (56%) believe that local self government would help end the southern conflict, a finding that aligns with a national and southern preference for decentralization as a more effective form of governance (69% nationally and 67% Deep South).
A new national perception survey across the country’s 26 provinces is slated for release in 2011 and will provide new insights on the mood of the Thai citizens.
Designed and directed by The Asia Foundation, the 2010 Southern Survey is supported by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) with technical assistance from MIAdvisory in Bangkok. The Asia Foundation has established a reputation for developing sophisticated empirical surveys for use across Asia in order to pinpoint citizen concerns and needs, to gauge public support for development initiatives, and to inform important policy debate and Foundation program design and refinement.
The complete findings from Democracy and Conflict in Southern Thailand: A Survey of the Thai Electorate in Yala, Narathiwas, and Pattaniis available
on our website. The report is also available in Thai.
ABOUT THE ASIA FOUNDATION IN THAILAND
The Asia Foundation in Thailand works to promote peaceful conflict resolution, encourage citizen engagement in the political process, and support innovative programs that will build more responsive and transparent systems of governance throughout the country. In the three southern border provinces, the Foundation engages diverse stakeholder groups to promote understanding of issues that fuel tension and facilitate dialogue among communities and national policy-makers on the future of the region, creating space for conflict resolution and sustainable peace. To learn more, visit http://asiafoundation.org/country/overview/thailand.
ABOUT THE ASIA FOUNDATION
The Asia Foundation is a non-profit, non-governmental organization committed to the development of a peaceful, prosperous, just, and open Asia-Pacific region. The Foundation supports Asian initiatives to improve governance, law, and civil society; women's empowerment; economic reform and development; sustainable development and the environment; and international relations. Drawing on nearly 60 years of experience in Asia, the Foundation collaborates with private and public partners to support leadership and institutional development, exchanges, and policy research.
With 18 offices throughout Asia, an office in Washington, DC, and its headquarters in San Francisco, the Foundation addresses these issues on both a country and regional level. In 2009, the Foundation provided more than $86 million in program support and distributed nearly one million books and journals valued at over $43 million.